1,4-Dichlorobenzene[2]

Updated: 2026-09-11

Overview

1,4-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) is an organic compound belonging to the chlorobenzene family. It has been commercially produced since the early 20th century and remains one of the most widely used chlorinated aromatic compounds in industrial and consumer applications. The compound's stability and volatility make it particularly useful for applications requiring slow release of active ingredients. Its distinct odor, while considered unpleasant by many, serves as an effective warning property at higher concentrations.

Physical and Chemical Properties

1,4-Dichlorobenzene forms colorless to white crystalline solids at room temperature with a characteristic mothball-like odor. The compound sublimes readily at room temperature, transitioning directly from solid to gas phase, which enhances its effectiveness as a space deodorant and fumigant. Chemically, p-DCB is relatively stable but can undergo substitution reactions typical of aromatic compounds. It demonstrates limited solubility in water (approximately 79 mg/L at 25°C) but is readily soluble in most organic solvents including ethanol, ether, and benzene. The compound's vapor pressure of 1.3 mmHg at 25°C contributes to its volatility.

Main Applications

The primary use of 1,4-dichlorobenzene is as an active ingredient in space deodorizers for toilets and urinals, accounting for approximately 60% of production. It's also widely employed as a moth repellent in closet products and as an insecticide for mothproofing wool and other natural fibers. Industrial applications include use as a chemical intermediate in the production of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resins and as a precursor for other chlorinated aromatic compounds. Some niche uses include serving as a disinfectant and in certain medical applications, though these uses have declined due to health concerns.

Safety and Storage

1,4-Dichlorobenzene requires careful handling due to its potential health effects. Acute exposure can cause irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, while chronic exposure has been associated with liver and kidney effects in animal studies. Appropriate personal protective equipment including gloves and respiratory protection should be used when handling large quantities. Storage recommendations include keeping containers tightly closed in well-ventilated areas away from heat sources and incompatible materials. Bulk storage should be in cool, dry locations with secondary containment to prevent environmental contamination in case of spills. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions but may decompose at elevated temperatures.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring 1,4-dichlorobenzene commercially, buyers should specify required purity levels (typically 99% or higher) and packaging preferences (bags, drums, or bulk containers). Price negotiations often consider order volume, with significant discounts available for container-load quantities. Key procurement considerations include verifying supplier compliance with regional chemical regulations (such as REACH in Europe or TSCA in the U.S.), obtaining proper safety documentation (SDS), and arranging appropriate transportation. Many suppliers offer just-in-time delivery options to minimize buyer storage requirements. Payment terms for established business relationships typically range from net 30 to net 60 days.