Overview
1,4-Dioxane, commonly known as 44氧双 in Chinese, is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C₄H₈O₂. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a faint sweet odor. The compound is widely used as a solvent in various industrial applications due to its excellent solvency properties. 1,4-Dioxane is synthesized through the acid-catalyzed dehydration of ethylene glycol or by the dimerization of ethylene oxide. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents, making it a versatile choice for chemical processes. However, its use is regulated due to its toxicity and potential carcinogenicity.
Physical and Chemical Properties
1,4-Dioxane has a molecular weight of 88.11 g/mol and a density of 1.033 g/cm³. It has a melting point of 11.8 °C and a boiling point of 101.1 °C. The compound is highly flammable and forms explosive peroxides when exposed to air for extended periods. The solubility of 1,4-Dioxane in water and organic solvents makes it a preferred solvent in many chemical reactions. Its stability under normal conditions, combined with its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances, enhances its utility in industrial applications. However, precautions must be taken to prevent peroxide formation, which can pose significant hazards.
Main Applications
1,4-Dioxane is primarily used as a solvent for resins, oils, waxes, and cellulose esters. It is also employed as a stabilizer for chlorinated solvents, such as trichloroethane and trichloroethylene, in industrial degreasing operations. In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, 1,4-Dioxane is used as a reaction medium and solvent for various formulations. However, its presence in consumer products is strictly regulated due to its potential health risks. The compound is also utilized in laboratory settings for extraction and purification processes.
Safety and Storage
1,4-Dioxane is classified as a hazardous substance due to its toxicity and flammability. Exposure can occur through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion, leading to adverse health effects such as liver and kidney damage. It is also a suspected carcinogen. Proper storage of 1,4-Dioxane involves keeping it in a cool, well-ventilated area away from open flames and oxidizing agents. Containers should be tightly sealed to prevent air exposure, which can lead to peroxide formation. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and respirators, should be used when handling this chemical.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 1,4-Dioxane, it is essential to verify the supplier's compliance with safety and quality standards. Request a Certificate of Analysis (CoA) to ensure the product meets the required purity specifications. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages, but storage and handling must be carefully managed. Consider alternative solvents if the application allows, to mitigate health and environmental risks. Always adhere to local regulations regarding the use, storage, and disposal of 1,4-Dioxane to ensure workplace safety and regulatory compliance.
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