1,4-Dioxane[3]

Updated: 2026-09-15

Overview

1,4-Dioxane is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint ether-like odor. It is a heterocyclic organic compound commonly used as a solvent in various industrial applications. Due to its miscibility with water and organic solvents, it is widely employed in pharmaceuticals, adhesives, and resins. The compound is also known for its role as a stabilizer in chlorinated solvents. However, its potential carcinogenic properties have led to strict regulations regarding its use and disposal. Proper handling and storage are essential to mitigate health and environmental risks.

Physical and Chemical Properties

1,4-Dioxane exhibits a boiling point of 101.1 °C and a melting point of 11.8 °C. Its density is 1.033 g/cm³, and it is miscible with water and most organic solvents. The compound is highly flammable and can form explosive peroxides when exposed to air for extended periods. Its stability under normal conditions makes it a versatile solvent, but its reactivity with oxidizing agents and strong acids requires careful handling. The molecular formula C4H8O2 and molecular weight of 88.11 g/mol make it a relatively lightweight compound suitable for various chemical processes.

Main Applications

1,4-Dioxane is primarily used as a solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals, adhesives, and resins. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances makes it valuable in chemical manufacturing. Additionally, it serves as a stabilizer for chlorinated solvents, preventing their degradation. In the textile industry, it is used as a solvent for dyes and finishes. Despite its utility, its potential health risks have led to reduced usage in some applications, with industries seeking safer alternatives. Regulatory compliance is crucial when using 1,4-Dioxane in any capacity.

Safety and Storage

Due to its flammability and potential carcinogenicity, 1,4-Dioxane requires strict safety measures. Personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling the compound. Adequate ventilation is necessary to prevent inhalation of vapors. Storage should be in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent exposure to air, which can lead to peroxide formation. Regular inspections for peroxide contamination are recommended to ensure safety.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring 1,4-Dioxane, buyers should verify the purity and quality of the product. Reputable suppliers should provide certificates of analysis (CoA) to confirm specifications. It is essential to check for peroxide formation, especially in older batches. Price ranges typically vary between $3-$10 per liter, depending on purity and supplier. Bulk purchases may offer cost savings, but storage capacity and safety measures should be considered. Compliance with local and international regulations is mandatory to avoid legal and environmental liabilities.