Overview
4-Chlorobenzophenone (CAS 131-54-4) is a chlorinated derivative of benzophenone, primarily utilized as a chemical intermediate in industrial synthesis. Its molecular structure combines a benzene ring with a carbonyl group and a chlorine substituent, enabling reactivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The compound is classified as a high-production-volume chemical due to its role in manufacturing UV absorbers and pharmaceutical precursors. Produced through Friedel-Crafts acylation of chlorobenzene, it exhibits consistent quality when sourced from reputable suppliers. Industrial grades typically exceed 98% purity, with impurities like unreacted starting materials monitored to ensure suitability for downstream applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
As a crystalline solid, 4-chlorobenzophenone demonstrates stability under ambient temperatures but may sublime at elevated temperatures. Its low water solubility (≤0.1 g/L at 20°C) necessitates organic solvents for laboratory or industrial use. The chlorine substituent enhances its polarity compared to unsubstituted benzophenone, influencing its reactivity in synthesis. Key spectroscopic properties include strong UV absorption at 250-300 nm, making it valuable for light-stabilizing applications. Thermogravimetric analysis shows decomposition only above 300°C, ensuring thermal stability during processing. The compound’s vapor pressure is negligible at room temperature, reducing inhalation hazards during handling.
Main Applications
In pharmaceuticals, 4-chlorobenzophenone serves as a precursor for antihistamines and antipsychotic drugs, where the chlorine moiety facilitates further functionalization. The agrochemical industry employs it in synthesizing pesticides and herbicides, leveraging its aromatic stability and reactivity. A significant application lies in polymer additives, where it acts as a UV absorber to prevent photodegradation in plastics and coatings. Specialty chemical manufacturers also use it to produce photoinitiators for inks and adhesives. Emerging research explores its potential in organic electronics due to its conjugated π-system.
Safety and Storage
Classified as an irritant (GHS07), 4-chlorobenzophenone requires handling with nitrile gloves and safety goggles to prevent skin/eye contact. Dust formation should be minimized through local exhaust ventilation, especially during powder processing. Spills can be contained with inert absorbents like vermiculite. Storage recommendations include airtight containers in well-ventilated areas, segregated from strong oxidizers. Shelf life exceeds two years when protected from moisture and light. Transport regulations classify it as non-hazardous for most shipping methods, though SDS documentation should accompany bulk shipments.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and batch-specific COAs (Certificates of Analysis) verifying purity, melting point, and residual solvents. Technical datasheets should detail particle size distribution for applications requiring uniform dissolution. Procurement contracts often specify delivery in polyethylene-lined fiber drums or custom packaging for automated handling. MOQs (Minimum Order Quantities) typically start at 100kg, with spot pricing subject to benzene feedstock market fluctuations. Quality audits should confirm compliance with REACH and TSCA regulations for international trade.
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