Overview
1,1-Dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE) is an important industrial chemical primarily used as a monomer in the production of polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), a polymer known for its barrier properties against moisture and gases. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a sweet odor and is highly flammable. Due to its reactivity, it is often stabilized with inhibitors for storage and transportation. The compound is synthesized through the dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2-trichloroethane or by the direct chlorination of ethylene. Its industrial significance lies in its role in creating high-performance plastics and coatings, particularly in packaging materials where barrier properties are critical.
Physical and Chemical Properties
1,1-Dichloroethylene exhibits a boiling point of 31.6°C and a melting point of -122°C, making it highly volatile at room temperature. Its density is 1.213 g/cm³, and it is slightly soluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents like ethanol and ether. The compound is highly reactive, especially with oxidizing agents, and can form explosive peroxides under certain conditions. Key chemical properties include its ability to polymerize readily, especially when exposed to heat, light, or peroxides. This reactivity is harnessed in industrial applications but requires careful handling to prevent uncontrolled polymerization, which can lead to hazardous situations.
Main Applications
The primary use of 1,1-Dichloroethylene is in the production of polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), a polymer valued for its excellent barrier properties against moisture, oxygen, and other gases. PVDC is widely used in food packaging, such as cling films and multilayer packaging for perishable goods. The polymer's resistance to chemicals and solvents also makes it suitable for industrial coatings. Additionally, 1,1-DCE serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals, including refrigerants and pharmaceuticals. Its versatility in polymerization reactions makes it a valuable feedstock in various industrial processes, though its use is carefully regulated due to environmental and health concerns.
Safety and Storage
1,1-Dichloroethylene is classified as a hazardous substance due to its flammability and toxicity. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, leading to irritation of the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. Long-term exposure may have more severe health effects, including potential carcinogenicity. Proper storage involves keeping the chemical in tightly sealed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. Inhibitors are often added to prevent polymerization during storage. Safety measures include using personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and respirators, and ensuring workplaces are equipped with adequate ventilation and fire suppression systems.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 1,1-Dichloroethylene, industrial buyers should prioritize suppliers who adhere to strict safety and environmental regulations. Key considerations include the purity of the product, the presence of stabilizers to prevent polymerization, and the supplier's ability to provide proper transportation and handling documentation. The reference price range is approximately $1,000-$1,500 per ton, but this can vary based on quantity, purity, and market conditions. Buyers should also verify the supplier's compliance with local and international regulations, such as REACH in Europe or TSCA in the United States, to ensure responsible sourcing and usage.
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